Washington – The Senate approved a bipartisan aviation policy bill Tuesday that would boost airport security, extend new protections to airline passengers and help speed the introduction of package-delivery drones.
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The bill, passed on a vote of 95-3, would also extend the Federal Aviation Administration’s programs and powers through Oct. 1, 2017. That authority is due to expire July 15.
A few hours before the vote, Majority Leader Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., said the legislation “will make important strides for our national security and for travelers. It does so without increasing fees or taxes on passengers. It does so without imposing heavy-handed regulations that can stifle consumers’ choice.”
The House, bogged down in a dispute over whether to privatize air traffic control operations, must still act. Airlines have been pressing for privatization, arguing that the FAA’s culture is too slow and inflexible to finish the air traffic system’s transition from old radar technology to satellites. The modernization has dragged on for more than a decade and fallen short of promised financial benefits and reduced congestion.
Sen. John Thune, R-S.D., the bill’s chief sponsor, decided to sidestep the issue given strong opposition scheme from Democrats and powerful GOP committee chairmen reluctant to cede a large share of Congress’ authority over aviation to a private, non-profit corporation.
The bill written by Thune, the Senate Commerce committee chairman, and Sen. Bill Nelson of Florida, the panel’s senior Democrat, targets aviation safety, security and consumer concerns in ways broadly supported by both parties. He is pitching the measure to House members as a way to make important policy changes without waiting for the privatization question to be sorted out, which might not happen this year.
Thune highlights the bill as the friendliest for airline consumers in a generation. Airlines would have to refund checked bag fees to passengers whose luggage is lost or arrives more than six hours after a domestic flight has landed and more than 12 hours after an international flight has landed. Fees for services not delivered, such as advance seat assignments or early boarding, would also have to be refunded.
Airlines’ disclosure of fees for checked bags, seat assignments and ticket changes or cancellations would be standardized so that consumers can more easily compare prices as they shop for tickets. Airlines would also have to inform passengers traveling with children at the time of ticketing if they are unable to seat them together.
Missing from the bill, though, was a Democratic amendment the Senate rejected that would have barred airlines from further shrinking the size of seats and required the FAA to set minimum dimensions for passenger space.
Responding to last month’s attack in Brussels and the destruction of a Russian airliner by a suspected bomb last year, several security-related provisions were added:
—Authorizing an increase from 30 up to 60 in the number of government “viper teams” that stop and search suspicious passengers in airport public areas that are outside the security perimeter, often using bomb-sniffing dogs.
—Requiring the Transportation Security Administration to use private companies to market and enroll more people in its PreCheck program while ensuring PreCheck screening lanes are open during high-volume travel times. The aim is to reduce crowds waiting for security screening by vetting more passengers before they arrive to get them through checkpoints faster.
—Enhancing the vetting of airport employees who have access to secure areas, expanding random inspections of employees and reviewing perimeter security.
—Requiring secondary barriers on all new passenger airliners to keep unauthorized people from gaining access when a pilot opens the cockpit door. The wife of a pilot killed in the Sept. 11, 2001 attacks led the lobbying effort to require the barriers.
The bill also would remove obstacles to commercial use of drones while enhancing privacy and safety protections. It requires that within two years the FAA authorize package-deliveries by drones. The agency would create a small drone “air carrier certificate” for operators of delivery drone fleets similar to the safety certificates granted to commercial airlines. The rules are needed for Amazon and other companies to deploy fleets of delivery drones.
Another provision would establish criminal penalties for the reckless use of drones, aimed at penalizing operators who fly drones near airports without prior approval.
The White House criticized the bill’s delivery-drone language as “overly prescriptive” and said it would disrupt the agency’s ongoing efforts to write safety regulations for commercial drone flights.
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From package delivery drones to bomb-sniffing dogs, a bill approved by the Senate on Tuesday makes extensive changes to aviation safety, security and consumer programs and policies. It would:
AIRLINE PASSENGERS
—Require the Department of Transportation to issue regulations standardizing how airlines disclose fees so consumers can better comparison-shop for tickets.
—Make airlines automatically refund checked-bag fees if bags arrive more than six hours after a domestic flight lands and more than 12 hours after an international flight.
—Require airlines to automatically refund fees for services not provided, such as early boarding that didn’t happen or a seat that was unavailable despite an advance assignment.
—Require that passengers traveling with young children are seated together at no extra charge.
—Require airlines to permit early boarding of pregnant women and to set aside rooms for nursing mothers.
SECURITY
—Expand the Transportation Security Administration’s PreCheck program to include more travelers in an effort to prioritize screening time on travelers who haven’t been vetted, shortening security lines.
—Authorize an increase from 30 up to 60 in the number of TSA “viper teams” that stop and search suspicious passengers in airport public areas outside the security perimeter, often using bomb-sniffing dogs.
—Enhance vetting of employees who have access to secure areas of airports, and tighten access to those areas.
—Require all newly manufactured airliners to have a second barrier between the passenger cabin and the flight deck that can be closed to prevent anyone from the cabin entering the cockpit when the cockpit door is opened.
—Require TSA to resume passenger screening at small airports where it was previously reduced after cutbacks in airline service.
DRONES
—Require the FAA within two years to authorize package deliveries by drones and to create a small-drone “air carrier certificate” for operators of drone delivery fleets, similar to the safety certificates granted to commercial airlines.
—Establish criminal penalties for the reckless use of drones to deter their operation near airports.
—Require the FAA to publicly disclose information about government and commercial drone operations, including what types of personal information is gathered by the drones.
—Require the operators of all drones weighing more than a half pound pass an FAA-approved online safety test.
OTHER PROVISIONS
—Simplify requirements for private pilots to receive an FAA medical certificate attesting to their health, and reduce the frequency of doctor visits needed to renew the certificate.
—Speed the process by which new types of small airplanes receive safety certification from the FAA.
—Require the FAA to develop standards for tracking airliners when the planes fly over remote areas out of the range of radar, a response to the disappearance of Malaysia Airlines Flight 370 two years ago.
—Extend to flight attendants the same scheduling rules to prevent fatigue and provide time off for rest that apply to passenger airline pilots.