New York – Some have speculated that gambling on Hanukka recalls an alleged attempt by Hasmonean Jews to hide their rebellious behavior from the intruding Greeks by playing with dice Does Judaism permit gambling?
Join our WhatsApp groupSubscribe to our Daily Roundup Email
A quick glance at the Web sites of Gamblers Anonymous and similar organizations clearly highlights the deleterious impact of gambling in our society. Judaism has long recognized the ills of such behavior, and as we shall see, Hanukka affords us the opportunity of contemplating how we can end this scourge within our community.
The Mishna disqualifies a dice player from serving as a witness, grouping him within a larger group of people whose greed for money nullifies their credibility. The Talmud lists two potential reasons for disqualifying dice players (Sanhedrin 24b-25a). Rami Bar Hama contends that gambling constitutes theft, since the losing party accepted the conditions without ever believing that he would actually lose his money (asmachta). Rav Sheshet, on the other hand, contends that only a full-time gambler becomes disqualified as a witness since he fails to engage in the settlement of the world (P. 127).
The medieval authorities disagreed as to final ruling in this dispute. Maimonides seems to rule that gambling is a low-level form of theft and, moreover, ostracizes gamblers who do not constructively contribute to society (Hilchot Gezeila Ve’aveida 6:10-11). While his opinion remains ambiguous in other sources (Hilchot Edut 10:4), Rabbi Yosef Karo stringently deemed all forms of gambling as theft (CM 207:13). Based on this, contemporary Sephardi decisors debate the propriety of purchasing a lottery ticket. While Rabbi Ovadia Yosef forbids such purchases (Yabia Omer CM 7:6), contending that this is a form of gambling, Rabbi Ovadia Hedaya rules leniently because he believes that betting becomes illicit only when one directly takes money from a friend (Yaskil Avdi YD 8:5). This argument would similarly permit raffles for specific prize objects.
Many Ashkenazi authorities dispute this ruling, contending that normative law follows the more liberal approach of Rav Sheshet. Some authorities, like Rashi (1040-1105) and Rosh (1250-1328), explain that gambling is not an asmachta since the dice results are entirely random. Since everyone recognizes that they cannot control the results, no one mistakenly believes that his skills give him an advantage. Rabbenu Tam (12th century, France) alternatively reasoned that any bilateral agreement remains acceptable as long as one has the opportunity for future profit.
Rabbi Moshe Isserles affirms this lenient tradition in his glosses to the Shulhan Aruch (CM 370:3). As Rabbi Haim Jachter has noted, the Ashkenazi tradition should not be misconstrued as a blanket leniency, since it permits only games in which the winner is determined randomly. Sports betting pools (rotisserie leagues), for example, might remain problematic under this scheme, since a person believes that his sports knowledge will guide him in avoiding losses. More importantly, many classic sources denounce gambling as morally corruptive or, at best, as containing no redeeming value, and, as such, numerous prominent rabbis discourage or even prohibit one-time visits to casinos.
Many decisors, Ashkenazi and Sephardi alike, permit light forms of gambling, however, when the proceeds benefit charitable organizations. In such a case, the rule of asmachta might not apply since the person feels comfortable “donating” his losses to the charitable cause. As such, many mid-20th century Diaspora schools and synagogues, following their gentile neighbors, historically held “bingo nights” as fund-raisers. (My brothers fondly recall entering their schools on subsequent mornings greeted by forgotten signs that read, “No children under 18 allowed.”)
With increasing awareness of the deleterious impact of gambling addictions, these fund-raising events have become less common as communities recognize the inappropriateness of promoting such behavior within synagogues. There remains no doubt that religious communities have an obligation to stem the scourge of gambling that occurs in our affluent society, particularly amongst teenagers.
This message, however, becomes particularly difficult on Hanukka, with traditions of dreidel spinning and card playing stemming from the late medieval period. Given the anti-gambling sentiments seen in talmudic sources, these customs seem to represent an anomaly from Jewish practice with suspect origins. Some have speculated that gambling on Hanukka recalls an alleged attempt by Hasmonean Jews to hide their rebellious behavior from the intruding Greeks by playing with dice.
More likely, however, these customs stemmed from an unholy abuse of the joy of Hanukka into debauchery. Indeed, as Prof. Daniel Sperber has noted, late medieval texts condemn illicit Hanukka parties that included unseemly card playing and gambling. Two of the most prominent Eastern European decisors of the late 19th/early 20th century, Rabbi Yisrael M. Kagan (Bi’ur Halacha 670) and Rabbi Yehiel M. Epstein (Aruch Hashulhan 670:9), both denounced Hanukka gambling as utterly incompatible with Jewish mores. Given these sentiments, it behooves us to think carefully about how we celebrate the holiday to ensure that this joyous occasion does not encourage unwanted behavior.
I’ll lay 4-to-1 odds that gambling on Channukah is allowed!
u may say that there is alot of things worse then kvitlech, but
1) as per gemara it’s gnaiva (like kuvya & mafrichei yonim).
2) as per bnei yisuscher it’s “klipos” & timah
kvitlach was never permitted on chanukah, it was and still is to this day done in many chasidishe circles on “NITEL” only,which was last night from 6pm till midnight, and according to some on the russian “nitel” which comes out sometime in the first week of january.
the reason for that is, that learning torah was not allowed during those hours.
i am not talking about gambling for big bucks or going to las vegas or ac
but tradion has it that on chanukah you play cards when i was in yeshiva all the litvishe yeshiveshe kanoim went crazy as if this was part of the three “yehoreg v al yavoir:
get a life
a game between freinds or family as long as it does not get out of hand doesnt hurt anyone
May I take this a step further? What about stock trading, is that not a form of gambling?
Kvitlech-no.Blackjack-Yes!
Nothing like a poker tournament on Chanukah
Interesting that this was posted today, a day where most of Atlantic City’s casino’s are filled with asians and…yiddin. In the Borgata poker room alone you have enough chevra to fill a dozen tables.
How about the card games on the computer, you know, solitare etc.
Are those allowed?
I guess noone here knows what’s going on in yeshivas and diras in Israel – the problem isn’t only on Chanuka.
See שו”ת שלמת חיים from R’ Yosef Chaim Zonnenfeld זצ”ל and you will see that even the litviche, of whom many of their bochrim will lock themselves in empty classrooms tonight after maariv to play ‘kvitelach’
are aware and have been for many years of the isur.
By the way the teshuva from R’ Zonenfeld addresses the severity of the isur specifically on Chanukah (how much more so at other times).
The bnei yisaschar says that the klipa of kvitlach was created in the times of the yevanim. He says that in poker there are 36 cards(1-9 x 4 ) which are kneged the 36 chanuka neirois that we light. It was to fight that klipa. Also he says that KURTON which is kvitlach is gimatria SATAN (thats kuf=100 reish=200 and nun=50 and tes=9 AND shin=300 tes=9 and nun=50) so as you can see its a big klipa that yidden play these cards and all the seforim hakedoishim talk about it. Eveb the Mishna Berura says” chas veshalom vshoimer nafshoi yirchak meihem” so yes it may seem like a nice thing to play but you have to see the whole picture that its a klipa and it goes further than just the game. (if you pay attention you will realize that the shapes on the cards ie;spades,clubs,hearts,diamonds are around since day one and was never changed and thats because it still has the ruach tumah in it) Happy Chanuka and may the lights really light up our society with the true light.
in sefer piska haloochos he brings down that on chanukah all kllal yisrael is one family so the gambling is like a son with his father when the son lives with the father so its mutar
to:the rebber Says
last time i chcked poker has 52 cards
I was actually looking for a game.
Anyone interested in texas holdem please email me
#11 Mr. Techman, Halachicaly it will depend who is playing. Because the gemara says that a person that gambels is Pusil le’eidus. the G’mara says when do we know that one is cured from this illness? the answer the g’mara gives is “when the person does’nt play even for free” According to this ge’mara an ex gambler that plays poker on the computer is still considered a gambler. :))
check out kedushas levi (R’ Levi Yitzchak of Berditchev) in derushim lechanukah, where he talks about the 3 reasons why playing cards is not a good thing
What about PLAYING DRAIDLE????? I think that’s also gambling, no?
whats the heter for chineese auctions